Artificial organs
An artificial organ is a human made organ device or tissue that is implanted or integrated into a human — interfacing with living tissue — to replace a natural organ, to duplicate or augment a specific function or functions so the patient may return to a normal life as soon as possible. Wikipedia
Purpose
Constructing and installing artificial organs, an extremely research-intensive and expensive process initially, may entail many years of ongoing maintenance services:
providing life support to prevent imminent death while awaiting a transplant (e.g. artificial heart);
dramatically improving the patient's ability for self care (e.g. artificial limb);
improving the patient's ability to interact socially (e.g. cochlear implant); or
improving a patient's quality of life through cosmetic restoration after cancer surgery or an accident.
The use of any artificial organ by humans is almost always preceded by extensive experiments with animals. Initial testing in humans is frequently limited to those either already facing death or who have exhausted every other treatment possibility. Wikipedia